Information Cycle
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Information goes through a process as it moves from new discovery to established knowledge. It is important to understand this process because it affects where you will find information on a particular topic.

For instance, information about AIDS is much further along in the cycle than information about Avian Flu, because it has been around for much longer.

Radio/TV/Internet
up to the minute or same day
Information on an event will likely appear here first, because it can be published quickly; however, it is not always detailed or accurate because people are anxious to get the information published as quickly as possible.

Newspapers
at least by next day
Information usually appears here next, although generally not until a day after the event at the earliest because of their publication cycle. The information is usually a little more detailed and potentially more accurate than earlier sources.

Magazines
weeks later
Information usually appears here a week to two weeks after an event. It will likely be more detailed than newspaper accounts.

Scholarly Journals
months to years later
Research by the experts and analysis of an event usually appears here six months to a year after an event, both because of the time it takes scholars to do the work and because these publications appear less frequently, sometimes only four times a year.

Books
years later
Quality information usually takes a year to two years to appear in book form (not counting “unauthorized accounts”), because of the length of time required to research and write a work of this length, and because it takes quite a bit of time to publish.

Reference Books
years later
Information usually takes quite a while to appear here, partly because these sources often wait for knowledge to become fairly well-established before acknowledging it, and partly because they’re only published once every several years.

For example, think about how and where you get your information during and after an election:

  • On the day of the actual election, you watch the results on TV, listen to them on the radio, or check them on the Internet.
  • The day after the election, you can read all the coverage in the newspapers.
  • In the next couple of weeks, most of the weekly newsmagazines will also carry coverage.
  • However, it will take several months to years before political scientists have time to study what happened and write about it in scholarly journals and books, and it may take several years before the encyclopedia records the most recent Prime Minister of Canada.
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